QuizRP: June 2018

Answer:

Fibrous cap : foam cells, collagen, elastin macrophage, lymphocytes.

Necrotic center: Debris, cholesterol crystals, foam cells, and calcium.

What is the monoclonal theory?

Answer: Monoclonal proliferation of smooth muscle cells leading to a benign neoplasm.

__ is the #1 killer in the USA 20-25% of deaths.

Answer: CAD- atherosclerotic coronary artery disease

Atherosclerosis is caused by ___.

Answer: Fibroblasts plaque (atheroma)

Lymph edema is an accumulation of __ can leads to _ edema.

Answer:

ISF
NON pitting

Buerger's will have ___ phenomenon.

Answer: Raynaud's

Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger's) is found/caused by

Answer: Smoking

T/F: PAN can affect the lungs.

Answer: FALSE: only KD, Heart, GI

Where can you find the INternal elastic membrane?

Answer: Tunica Intima

Where can you find smooth muscle fibers, collagen and elastic, and the External elastic membrane?

Answer: Tunica media

Where can you find collagen, elastic fibers, and vasa vasorum?

Answer: Tunica Adventitia

__ can lead to nodular swelling, thrombosis / aneurysm.

Answer: PAN

Temporal arteritis is common in _ and _ type of hypersensitivity.

Answer:

Elderly females
Type 4

Temporal arteritis has __

Temporal arteritis has ___

Answer: Multinucleated giant cells in the tunica intima. (Heals appear as fibrous cords)

Possible bilateral hydroureters with postobstructive renal failure is a manifestation of

Answer: Prostatitis

T/F: Prostatic hyperplasia is precancerous?

Answer: False, Non precancer

Adenomatous hyperplasia of the prostatic ____ glass.

Answer: acinar (glands)

T/F: BPH is a non neoplasticism condition.

Answer: TRUE

_ enlargement of the prostate.

Answer: BPH

___ shows flattening of the calyces underlying cortical scars.

Answer: Intravenous pyelography IVP

Which is more common type of chronic pyelonephritis

Answer: Reflux

Reflux chronic pyelonephritis is due to

Answer: Vesicoureteral reflux beginning in childhood

Obstructive chronic pyelonephritis is due to

Answer: Obstructive disease in the Urinary tract with 2ndary infection

What is the key finding in Acute pyelonephritis?

Answer:

Wbc casts
(Also proteinuria Bacteriuria)

___ has suppurations, abscess in the renal tubes, with WBC casts PMN.

Answer: Acute pyelonephritis

___ has poorly differentiated areas of keratinization.

Answer: SCC

___ has an ulcerated and necrotic mass.

Answer: SCC

TCC has a ____ recurrence.

Answer: high

Multifocal tumors affect the mucosa rather than ____.

Answer: secondary metastasis

In TCC: papillary cancers are ____ grade.

Answer: Low

TCC occurs in __ over the age of _.

Answer: males, 50

___ mononuclear exudate, fibrosis, loss of elasticity of bladder wall.

Answer: chronic cystitis

___ hyperemia, suppurative exudate, friable, granular mucosa, and ulcer formation.

Answer: acute cystitis

Wilms have ___ shape neoplastic cells in the primitive glomeruli.

Answer: spindle

T/F RCC has necrosis and hemorrhage, invades the capsule , renal vein, IVC and heart.

Answer: True

RCC has a large mass cm and _______ in color.

Answer:

3-15 cm
yellow-white

RCC occurs ___ times ase much in males than females.

Answer: twice

__ is the most common Primary form of KD cancer.

Answer: renal cell carcinoma

T/F renal stones only occur once in a lifetime?

Answer: false: 75% recurrence rate

pt has decreased urine volume and increased urine concentration of calcium with uric acid and oxalate:

Answer: Renal stones

T/F renal stones are bilateral.

Answer: False. 80% unilateral

Renal stones are _ times more common in _.

Answer: 3 times, men

Campylobacter jejuni you can also find ___ syndrome.

Answer: Gillian barre syndrome (autoimmune).

Cholera id diagnosed depending on a ___.

Answer: Clinical picture

In cholera: Subunit ____ stimulates adenyl cyclase increased level of intracellular cyclic AMP resulting in hypersecretion of water & electrolytes.

Answer: A

Vibrio cholera __ unit promotes entry of subunit _ into the cell.

Answer: B, A

Does H affect the CNS?

Answer: No

Does H+ have an affect on the CSF?

Answer: Yes

What happens in primary acute insufficiency of the adrenal cortex?

__ is heavily infiltrated with lymphoid tissue.

Adipose tissue is aka.

__ are the longitudinal layer bundle into 3 bands of muscle.

The large glands in the LI are called __ glands.

T/F there are no enzyme secreting cells in the LI.

T/F the mucosa in the LI has villi.

The large intestine main function is.

The glands in the submucosa that secrete mucus are called.

Cholecystokinin stimulates ___.

__ are endocrine cells that secrete serotonin and cholecystokinin.

T/F Goblet cells increase in number from duodenum to ileum.

__ cells produce digestive enzymes.

_ ___ cells are stem cells.

___ are the glands in the SI.

T/F Absorption and digestion occur in the Small Intestine.

The small intestine is made of __, __, __.

4 types of cells in the fundus and body.

__ is the widest part of the Digestive Tube.

T/F the adventitia of the esophagus is covered by peritoneum.

The lower 1/3 of the esophagus is ___ muscle.

The upper 1/3 of the esophagus is ___ muscle.

__ secretion allows passage of bolus (food).

__ secretions neutralize regurgitating stomach acid.

T/F there are glands all along the mucosa.

The epic of the mucosa in the esophagus is.

___ muscular tube that connects pharynx to stomach.

DENSE CT that contains Blood vessels, Nerves and lymph are in which layer?

The function of the ___ is mixing food with enzymes and moving food from one segment to another.

Myenteric plexus provides _____ supply to the muscle fibers of the wall.

In the Musculosa, a plexus of autonomic nerves and gg are called.

Meissner's plexus gives ____ fibers to the mucosa.

Autonomic nerves and gg form a plexus in the Submucosa called

LOOSE CT that contains Blood vessels, Nerves and lymph are in which layer?

Aggregates of nodules are aka

Lymphoid infiltration is in which layer?

When the gut is empty, the mucosa is usually?

How does a fatty change occur?

T/F a fatty change in the cell is irreversible.

Type of irreversible damage to the cell membrane

__ is the most common cause of cell injury.

What are the 4 intracellular systems and conditions vulnerable to cell injury?

Fibroblast, sk ms, and epidermis can survive __ without oxygen.

Myocardial fibers, hepatocytes, renal epithelium can survive ___ without oxygen.

Neurons can survive w/o oxygen for __ mins.

Exaggerated curves are below ___.

Why do we have spinal curves?

Lumbar begins to develop at what age.

____ kg of force to crush the anterior vert body ____ kg force to crush the posterior vert body.

A majority of fractures (compressive fractures) occur ____.

___ affects the small arteries in old age with hypertension and diabetes.

Where can you find calcification of the atheroma?

In the micro level of atherosclerotic atheroma : what is in the fibrous cap and necrotic center?